Introduction of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0 (rhel 7)
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (rhel 7) is a Linux distribution developed by Red Hat. Red Hat Enterprise Linux is released in server versions for X86, X86-64, Itanium (a family of 64-bit Intel microprocessors) and desktop versions for X86 and X86-64. Red Hat Enterprise Linux is based completely on free and open source software.
- Linux is an operating system.
- Linux is freely available and distributable.
- It is a cross-platform operating system which is based on Unix and can be installed on laptops, PCs, mobiles, tablet devices, servers, supercomputers and more.
Different Components of Linux (RHEL)
- Applications
- Desktop environment
- Graphical Server
- Shell
- Daemons
- Kernel
- Bootloader
Lets know what are these in little bit brief.
Applications
- Linux offers thousands of free apps that can be easily found and installed.
- The latest Linux distributions include tools like the App-Store that centralize and simply application installation.
Desktop Environment
- This is what the users interact with.
- There are a lot of different desktop environments to choose from.
- Each desktop environment has its own built-in applications.
Graphical Server
- It is responsible for displaying the graphics on the monitor.
- It is known as the ‘X Server’ or ‘X’.
Shell
- The shell is a command process that allows the user to control the computer through commands typed into text interface.
- In the new Linux versions there is no need to touch the command line.
Daemons
Daemons are background services that start up during the booting process or once you are logged in.
Kernel
- The kernel is the core of the system.
- It manages the CPU , memory and peripheral devices.
- The kernel is the lowest level of the OS (Operating System).
Bootloader
- Bootloader is a software that manages the boot process of the computer.
- Usually, it is a splash screen which pops up and goes away to boot into the operation system.
Key Principles of RHEL
- The freedom the run the program, for any purpose.
- The freedom to study how the program works, and change it to make it do what you wish.
- The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor.
- The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others.
Installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0 (RHEL)
Installation Steps
Step 1:
Download RHEL 7.0 ISO image from Red Hat Portal, then burn it to a DVD or create and USB bootable media (recommended Rufus app).
Step 2:
Insert the DVD/USB and switch on your computer, select bootable unit to DVD or USB and on the first RHEL prompts select install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0.
Step 3:
After selecting install Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0. (RHEL) the system files will begin to load.
Step 4:
After it loads, select the language for installation process click continue.
Step5:
When the installer reaches the installation Summary, you can customize the installation process. First click on Date & Time, choose your system location from the provided map and click Done to apply the configurations.
Step 6:
The next step is to change the language support and keyboard language
.Step 7:
If you want to use other sources than the ones provided by the DVD media click installation source and add your Additional Repositories or specify a network location using HTTP, HTTPS, FTP or NFS protocols then click Done to use your new sources. If you can’t provide other sources stick to default.
Note:
NFS: The ISO image is placed into a network place and you can access through Network File System (NFS) share. It is LAN based installation.
HTTPS, HTTP or FTP: The installation file is placed on a network location accessible over HTTP, HTTPS or FTP protocol. It is access the network by using WAN based installation.
Step 8:
The next step is to select your system software. Click on software Selection and choose your Base Installation Environment from the down-list. Choose Minimal Install with Compatibility Libraries Addons, then click Done to apply these changes to the installation process.
To specify which packages will be installed, select Software Selection at the Installation Summary screen. The package groups are organized into Base Environments. These environments are pre-defined sets of packages with a specific purpose.
Step 9:
The next step is to configure your system partitions. Click on Installation Destination, select standard partition as partition scheme for a better management over system space, then click on here to create them automatically.
Note: Partition types
Standard partition- A standard partition can contain a file system or swap space, or it can provide a container for software RAID or an LVM physical volume.
Logical volume (LVM) – Creating a LVM partition automatically generates a LVM logical volume. LVM can improve performance when using physical disks.
LVM thin provisioning – Using thin provisioning, you can manage a storage pool of free space, known as a thin pool, which can be allocated to an arbitrary number of devices when needed by applications. The thin pool can be expanded dynamically when needed for cost-effective allocation of storage space.
Btrfs – Btrfs is under development as a file system with several device-like features, so is presented in the installer as a type of partition. It is capable of addressing and managing more files, larger files and larger volumes than ext2 (2nd extended file system), ext3 (3rdextended file system) and ext4 (4th extended file system) file systems.
Step 10:
If you want to create a partitionmanually then you can create a manual partition which was required for default installation. Such as /boot, / , /home and swap.
Note:
root ‘/’ – Is that where all the Linux installation files get installed to.
/boot – Should be mounyted on a primary partition so that the BIOS can find it.
/swap – Should be 2x RAM mounted on special swap file system.
/home – Is this where I do all my work. i.e. documents, videos, pictures, etc.
Step 11:
After Creating partitions click on updates setting button, then click on Done then Accept Changes on Summary of changes prompt to apply new configurations.
Step 12:
After that setting your Network Connection. Click on Network & Hostname and setup your system hostname.
Step 13:
After setting up hostname, go to Network Interface by switching the Ethernet ON.
Step 14:
Click Configure button and provide your static network settings for your appropriate network connection. Change the Ethernet device name or else you can skip that part. next configure your IP details as per your environment i.e. IPv4 or IPv6. We are using IPv4 so selected the “IPv4 Settings” and add the IP, Subnet mask, Gateway and DNS details in the same. Click on “Done” to save the configuration and go a step back.
Step 15:
After you finish editing Ethernet Interface settings click on Done and go to the default installer window and after you check your installation settings click Begin Installation to proceed further with system Installation.
Step 16:
As the installation begins writing the system components on your hard-disk, you need to supply your Root Password.
Note:
The super-user root account, reserved for the machine’s administrator, is automatically created during installation; this is why a password is requested.
Step 17:
Click on Root Password and choose a strong one with at least eight characters in length and click one when you finish.
Step 18:
Then move to User Creation and provide your credentials for this new user.
Step19:
After the installation REHL 7 finishes you should be ready to use your system. Remove your installation media and reboot your computer.
This is how your screen will appear after you reboot and you are Ready to Go
